Generate code coverage metrics

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Introduction

CircleCI provides different options for code coverage reporting using built-in CircleCI features combined with open source libraries, or using partners. Below are examples of configuring coverage libraries for different languages, as well as how to view your code coverage on the CircleCI web app.

View coverage on CircleCI

You can upload your code coverage reports directly to CircleCI. First, add a coverage library to your project and configure your build to write the coverage report to CircleCI’s artifacts directory. Code coverage reports are stored as build artifacts where they can be viewed or downloaded. See our build artifacts guide for more information on downloading coverage reports stored in your artifacts.

Language-specific code coverage options

Using Docker? Authenticating Docker pulls from image registries is recommended when using the Docker execution environment. Authenticated pulls allow access to private Docker images, and may also grant higher rate limits, depending on your registry provider. For further information see Using Docker authenticated pulls.

Ruby

SimpleCov is a popular Ruby code coverage library. To get started, add the simplecov gem to your Gemfile.

gem 'simplecov', require: false, group: :test

Start simplecov when your test suite starts. The example below demonstrates configuring SimpleCov for usage with Rails.

require 'simplecov'        # << Require SimpleCov
SimpleCov.start 'rails'    # << Start SimpleCov, using the "Rails" preset.

ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'test'
require_relative '../config/environment'
require 'rails/test_help'

class ActiveSupport::TestCase
  # Setup all fixtures in test/fixtures/*.yml for all tests in alphabetical order.
  fixtures :all
  # Add more helper methods to be used by all tests here...
end

Now configure your .circleci/config.yml file for uploading your coverage report.

version: 2.1

orbs:
  browser-tools: circleci/browser-tools@1.2.3

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/ruby:3.0-browsers
        environment:
          RAILS_ENV: test
      - image: cimg/postgres:14.0
        environment:
          POSTGRES_USER: circleci-demo-ruby
          POSTGRES_DB: rails_blog
          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ""
    steps:
      - checkout
      - browser-tools/install-browser-tools
      - run:
          name: Bundle Install
          command: bundle check || bundle install
      - run:
          name: Wait for DB
          command: dockerize -wait tcp://localhost:5432 -timeout 1m
      - run:
          name: Database setup
          command: bin/rails db:schema:load --trace
      - run:
          name: Run Tests
          command: bin/rails test
      - store_artifacts:
          path: coverage

See the SimpleCov README for more detail.

Python

Coverage.py is a popular library for generating code coverage reports in Python. To get started, install Coverage.py:

pip install coverage

# previously you might have run your python project like:
python my_program.py arg1 arg2

# now prefix "coverage" to your command.
coverage run my_program.py arg1 arg2

In this example, you can generate a coverage report with the following commands:

coverage run -m pytest
coverage report
coverage html  # open htmlcov/index.html in a browser

The generated files will be found under htmlcov/, which can be uploaded in a store_artifacts step in your configuration:

version: 2.1

orbs:
  browser-tools: circleci/browser-tools@1.2.3

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
    - image: cimg/python:3.10-browsers
    steps:
    - checkout
    - browser-tools/install-browser-tools
    - run:
        name: Setup testing environment
        command: |
          pip install '.[test]' --user
          echo $HOME
    - run:
        name: Run Tests
        command: |
          $HOME/.local/bin/coverage run -m pytest
          $HOME/.local/bin/coverage report
          $HOME/.local/bin/coverage html  # open htmlcov/index.html in a browser
    - store_artifacts:
        path: htmlcov

workflows:
  test-workflow:
    jobs:
    - build

Java

JaCoCo is a popular library for Java code coverage. Below is an example pom.xml file that includes JUnit and JaCoCo as part of the build system:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.foo</groupId>
	<artifactId>DemoProject</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>DemoProject</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.6</maven.compiler.source>
    	<maven.compiler.target>1.6</maven.compiler.target>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
				<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>0.8.3</version>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<id>prepare-agent</id>
						<goals>
							<goal>prepare-agent</goal>
						</goals>
					</execution>
					<execution>
						<id>report</id>
						<phase>prepare-package</phase>
						<goals>
							<goal>report</goal>
						</goals>
					</execution>
					<execution>
						<id>post-unit-test</id>
						<phase>test</phase>
						<goals>
							<goal>report</goal>
						</goals>
						<configuration>
							<!-- Sets the path to the file which contains the execution data. -->

							<dataFile>target/jacoco.exec</dataFile>
							<!-- Sets the output directory for the code coverage report. -->
							<outputDirectory>target/my-reports</outputDirectory>
						</configuration>
					</execution>
				</executions>
				<configuration>
					<systemPropertyVariables>
						<jacoco-agent.destfile>target/jacoco.exec</jacoco-agent.destfile>
					</systemPropertyVariables>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

Running mvn test will include a code coverage report (an exec) file that is also converted to an html page, like many other coverage tools. The Pom file above writes to the target directory, which you can then store as an artifact in your .circleci/config.yml file.

Below is a minimal CI configuration to correspond with the above example:

version: 2.1

orbs:
  browser-tools: circleci/browser-tools@1.2.3

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/openjdk:17.0-browsers
    steps:
      - checkout
      - browser-tools/install-browser-tools
      - run : mvn test
      - store_artifacts:
          path:  target

JavaScript

Istanbul is a popular library for generating code coverage reports for JavaScript projects. Another popular testing tool, Jest, uses Istanbul to generate reports. See the example below:

version: 2.1

orbs:
  browser-tools: circleci/browser-tools@1.2.3

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/node:17.2-browsers
    steps:
      - checkout
      - browser-tools/install-browser-tools
      - run: npm install
      - run:
          name: "Run Jest and Collect Coverage Reports"
          command: jest --collectCoverage=true
      - store_artifacts:
          path: coverage

PHP

PHPUnit is a popular testing framework for PHP. With PHP, you should have access to a tool called phpdbg. You can generate a report using the command phpdbg -qrr vendor/bin/phpunit --coverage-html build/coverage-report.

In the following basic .circleci/config.yml, we upload the coverage reports in the store_artifacts step at the end of the configuration.

version: 2.1

orbs:
  browser-tools: circleci/browser-tools@1.2.3

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/php:8.1-browsers
    steps:
      - checkout
      - browser-tools/install-browser-tools
      - run:
          name: "Run tests"
          command: phpdbg -qrr vendor/bin/phpunit --coverage-html build/coverage-report
          environment:
            XDEBUG_MODE: coverage
      - store_artifacts:
          path:  build/coverage-report

Golang

Go has built-in functionality for generating code coverage reports. To generate reports, add the flag -coverprofile=c.out. This will generate a coverage report which can be converted to HTML via go tool.

go test -cover -coverprofile=c.out
go tool cover -html=c.out -o coverage.html

An example .circleci/config.yml file:

version: 2.1

jobs:
  build:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/go:1.16
    steps:
      - checkout
      - run: go build
      - run:
          name: "Create a temp directory for artifacts"
          command: |
            mkdir -p /tmp/artifacts
      - run:
          command: |
            go test -coverprofile=c.out
            go tool cover -html=c.out -o coverage.html
            mv coverage.html /tmp/artifacts
      - store_artifacts:
          path: /tmp/artifacts

Use a code coverage service

Codecov

Codecov has an orb to help simplify the process of uploading your coverage reports.

The Codecov orb is a partner orb. You or your organization admin will need to opt in to using uncertified orbs to use it. This setting is available at Organization Settings Security in the CircleCI web app.

version: 2.1

orbs:
  codecov: codecov/codecov@4.0.1

jobs:
  test-and-upload-python:
    docker:
      - image: cimg/python:3.10
    steps:
      - checkout
      - run: pip install -r requirements.txt
      - run: pytest --cov .
      - codecov/upload

workflows:
  upload-to-codecov:
    jobs:
      - test-and-upload-python

Read more about Codecov’s orb in their guest blog post.

Coveralls

If you are a Coveralls customer, follow their guide to set up your coverage stats. You will need to add COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN to your CircleCI environment variables.

Coveralls will automatically handle the merging of coverage stats in concurrent jobs.